Table of Content
CONTENTS, LIST OF TABLES, FOREWARN, PREFACE, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, UNIT I: CREATING THE BEAM: CHAPTER 1: BASIC MATHEMATICS, (Mary Ann Hovis), Arithmetic, Algebra, Units of Measurement, CHAPTER 2: RADIATION CONCEPTS, Matter and Energy, Atomic Theory, Types of Energy, Electromagnetic Spectrum, The Discovery of X-Rays, X-Ray Properties, CHAPTER 3: ELECTRICITY, Electrostatics, Electrodynamics, Series and parallel Circuits, CHAPTER 4: ELECTROMAGNETISM, Magnetism, Electromagnetism, Controlling Electrical Current, Rectification, CHAPTER 5: X-RAY EQUIPMENT, Types of X-Ray Equipment, Power for X-Ray Generation, A Basic X-Ray Circuit, Generators, Automatic Exposure Control, CHAPTER 6: THE X-RAY TUBE, The Cathode Assembly, The Anode Assembly, The Glass Envelope, Protective Housing, Off-Focus Radiation, Rating Charts and Cooling Curves, Recommendations for Extending Tube Life, CHAPTER 7: X-RAY PRODUCTION, Conditions, Target Interactions, Emission Spectrum, UNIT II: PROTECTING PATIENTS AND PERSONNEL: CHAPTER 8: RADIATION PROTECTION CONCEPTS AND EQUIPMENT, The Basics of Radiation Protection Principles and Practice, Quantities and Units Relevant to Radiation Protection, Detection and Measurement of Ionizing Radiation, CHAPTER 9: RADIATION PROTECTION PROCEDURES FOR PATIENTS AND PERSONNEL, Advisory Groups and Regulatory Agencies, Limiting Exposure to Ionizing Radiation, Protection of Personnel, Protection of Patient, Radiation Exposure and Pregnancy, CHAPTER 10: FILTRATION, Measurement, Types of Filtration, Effect on Output, CHAPTER 11: THE PRIME FACTORS, The Prime Factors, Milliamperage-Second (mAs), Kilovoltage (kVp), Distance, CHAPTER 12: X-RAY INTERACTIONS, X-Ray Interaction with Matter, Photoelectric Absorption, Coherent Scattering, Compton Scattering, Pair Production, Photo disintegration, Effect on Technical Factor Selection, CHAPTER 13: MINIMIZING PATIENT DOSE, Estimating Approximate Entrance Skin Exposure, Typical Entrance Skin Exposure, Reducing Patient Exposure with Communication, Reducing Patient Exposure with Positioning, Reducing Patient Exposure with Technical Factors, Discussing Radiation Risk Versus Benefit with Patients. UNIT III: CREATING THE IMAGE: CHAPTER 14: VISION AND PERCEPTION, Image Perception, Controlling the Image in Space, Radiography as an Art Form, CHAPTER 15: BEAM RESTRICTION, Controlling Scatter, Beam Restrictors, Ancillary Devices, CHAPTER 16: THE PATIENT AS A BEAM EMITTER, Attenuation, The Human Body as an Attenuator, The Patient's Relationship to Image Quality. CHAPTER 17: THE PATHOLOGY PROBLEM, Pathology and Radiation Absorption, Increased Attenuation (Additive) Conditions, Decreased Attenuation (Destructive) Conditions, CHAPTER 18: THE GRID, Purpose of the Grid, Grid Construction, Grid Patterns, Grid Types, Grid Uses, Grid Selection/Conversions, Grid Performance Evaluation, Grid Errors, Other Scatter Reduction Methods, CHAPTER 19: RADIOGRAPHIC FILM, Construction, Latent Image Formation, Types of Film, The Duplication Process, The Subtraction Process, Film Storage and Handling, Film Identification, CHAPTER 20: IMAGE PROCESSING, Developing, Fixing, Archiving, Automatic Processing, Darkroom, Silver Recovery System, CHAPTER 21: SENSITOMETRY, Sensitometric Equipment, The D Log E Curve, Film Characteristics, CHAPTER 22: INTENSIFYING SCREENS, Construction, Phosphors, Characteristics, Cassettes and Holders, Care, CHAPTER 23: FILM/SCREEN COMBINATIONS, Emission Spectra, Characteristics, Selecting Film/Speed Combinations, Clinical Choices,. UNIT IV: ANALYZING THE IMAGE, CHAPTER 24: ESTABLISHING IMAGING STANDARDS, Professional Imaging Standards, The Analytical Process, Acceptance Limits, CHAPTER 25: DENSITY, Assessing Density, Effects on Image Appearance, Factors Affecting Density, CHAPTER 26: CONTRAST, Assessing Contrast, Radiographic Contrast, Evaluation Contrast, Factors Affecting Contrast, CHAPTER 27: RECORDED DETAIL, Assessing Recorded Detail, Effects on Image Appearance, Factors
